Is construction steel hot rolled or cold rolled? How to distinguish which steel is hot rolled or cold rolled? Steel is an indispensable material in the construction industry, steel is known for many types of steel, including section steel, box steel, pipe steel, steel plate.. each type of steel is applied in different fields. Steel is divided into two common types hot rolled steel and cold rolled steel. These two types have different processes and produce different products.
To know this as well as distinguish between the two types of steel, it is necessary to know the steel production process. From the stage of entering iron ore, scrap to the output of steel products
Stage 1: Ore processing
In this stage, the input materials such as: Pellet, iron ore, sintering ore, and additives such as coke, limestone (lime stone) are put into the kiln. Blast furnace. If it is scrap, it will also be heated to a certain temperature to make a stream of hot metal (hot metal).
Stage 2: Creating a stream of molten steel
The molten metal stream is formed from stage 1, which is led to the basic furnace (Basic oxygen furnace), or electric arc furnace (Electric arc furnace). Here, the hot metal is processed, impurities are separated and create a correlation between chemical components. As the basis to decide what type of steel batch is generated, which steel grade. For example, the batch of steel will be used to roll SD390 rebar, the chemical components The study will be adjusted at this stage to produce the SD390 steel grade.
Stage 3: Casting supplies
The metal stream after leaving stage 2 is brought to:
-Steel Castings: Casting other products.
-Go to the billet casting furnace: From this furnace will cast 3 types of ingots:
Billet is a type of bar with a cross section of 100x100, 125x125, 150x150, 6-9-12 m long. Commonly used for rolling and pulling construction steel coils, steel bars.
Slab type of finished billet is usually used to roll out hot rolled coil, hot rolled plate, cold rolled coil or section steel.
Bloom embryo is a type of embryo that can be used as an alternative to bar and slab embryos.
After the casting is completed, the workpiece can be left in two states: the hot state and the cooled state.
Hot direct rolling This condition maintains the workpiece at a high temperature after exiting the billet forming process for direct entry into the product rolling process.
The cold state of the billet is transferred to other factories and will be reheated (Reheating furnace) at those factories to put into the product rolling process.
Stage 4: Rolling
Billets are sent to factories to roll out steel products
-Put the billet into the section steel mill to roll out the following steel products: Rail (rail steel); Sheet pile (steel sheet pile); Shape (all kinds of steel); Bar (construction steel bar)
-Put the billet into the steel mill (wire rode mill) to roll out construction plain steel.
-Put the billet into the steel plate mill (Plate mill) to roll out the cast steel plate (Plate)
-Put the billet into the hot-rolled steel mill (Hot Strip mill), the billet will be rolled into hot-rolled coil (Hot roll coil-HRC). Or cut steel plate (cutting the stock into coils and bales-Baotou goods). In the process of rolling out hot rolled steel coil, the coil is at high temperature (eg 780oC), if you want to roll out cold rolled coil (CRC), then lower the temperature of that coil to the appropriate temperature (eg: 480oC) and continue rolling to reduce thickness. Thus, at this stage, cold-rolled coil and hot-rolled coil are produced. Currently, re-rolling mills in Vietnam are using hot-rolled billet. : (1.75-5.0 mm) and then put into the furnace up to the appropriate temperature (eg 480oC) to reduce the thickness of cold rolled steel
-From hot-rolled steel mills, hot-rolled coils can be sent directly to welded pipe mills (welded pipe mill).
-Put the billet into the steel pipe mill (Seemless pipe mill) to produce steel pipe.
Above, is the production process of steel products. So we can understand how cold rolled and hot rolled steel is produced. Here we can see some pictures to be able to distinguish. cold rolled coil and hot rolled coil:
Distinguish between hot rolling and cold rolling
Actually hot rolling is a rolling process at high temperature, which can change the material as well as change the shape of the metal. Hot rolled steel products are usually black in color, have little gloss and are often not aesthetically pleasing.
It can be easily distinguished by cold rolling which is the process of rolling steel when at a cold temperature, usually room temperature, this process only changes the shape of the product. Cold rolled steel products are often more expensive than hot rolled steel products, but the durability and aesthetics of the product are often appreciated.
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